The Ethical Cost Of Stem Cell - 2230 Words

Through the history of medicine there have been different interventions, inventions, patents, breakthrough discoveries, and cured diseases. However, some of these crucial discoveries have come at an ethical cost to the scientific community which has raised concerns among the different populations of the world. A critical discovery in the world of medicine was the development and use of stem cells to cure tissue, organ, and endothelial damage; the regeneration of hair and auditory neurons; and the potential to cure some of the world’s most puzzling diseases. The term â€Å"stem cell† was first used in scientific literature in 1868 by a German biologist Ernst Haeckel to describe a fertilized egg that becomes an organism.3 Haeckel also used the†¦show more content†¦Good of the University of Minnesota was able to perform the first successful bone marrow transplant on a child who was suffering from immune deficiency.3 The child received the

The Problem Of Medical Marijuana - 927 Words

Looking around us today the youth of our nation is far more advanced in many aspects then ever before. From the mature styles of clothing to their ability to operate technology better then their parents, adolescents believe they are mentally older and able to make adequate decisions. This is a dangerous mind frame to have when the world around these adolescents is a rapidly growing marijuana market. Medical marijuana is a popular topic of conversation with not enough emphasis on its direct effect on the listening ears of children. The idea of medical marijuana is a stepping-stone in adolescents’ minds with the impression of, if it is considered medicine it’s there to help. In a perfect world adolescents would be sheltered from all harm but our world is not perfect and medical marijuana is a downward spiral with its increased use by children. Proactive action is necessary against this easily accessible drug to protect the innocents of the children and as a society we can do so by diminishing its name, false praises, and availability. Surveys taken by California children and adolescent psychiatrist stated that their patients were not aware of medical marijuana effects. These effects are but not limited to decreased recognition of motivation, decrease in short term memory loss, and all around more complicated problems. These surveys also evaluated that the patients had a misconception of the drug as being beneficial versus its real affect as well as being more easilyShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of The Medical Marijuana Industry1410 Words   |  6 PagesThe medical marijuana industry has seen staggering growth in recent years with many state level legalizations and the federal memo issued in 2013 that told prosecutors to leave these businesses alone, as long as they comply with all their state laws. Colorado was the first state to legalize marijuana for recreational purposes and marijuana infused edibles soon became a rapidly growing element within th e marijuana industry. As such, states are struggling to write effective legislation and create adequateRead MoreMarijuana in Medicine1452 Words   |  6 Pagesdebated whether the use of medical marijuana should be allowed for medical purposes. Marijuana can be used as a treatment for nausea and vomiting, as well as a pain reliever from other medical treatments such as chemotherapy. Others argue that its use can lead to addiction and could lead to health risks such as lung and heart problems over time. Therefore, medical marijuana should be strictly limited for medical use and monitored to meet the needs of the patient. Medical marijuana should be allowed toRead MoreMedical Benefits Of Medical Marijuana1255 Words   |  6 PagesMedical marijuana has been proven to an effective drug in the treatment of a number of encumbering medical conditions. A large number of legitimate medical organizations recognize the benefits of marijuana. It is far less harmful and poses fewer negative si de effects than many prescription drugs, including painkillers - and patients often find it to be a more effective treatment for a variety of illnesses. However, it is perhaps the most commonly misunderstood substance in America. The usage of theRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1051 Words   |  5 PagesThe term medical marijuana refers to the using the whole unprocessed marijuana plant or its basic extracts to treat a disease or symptom. But how can you really help? Medical marijuana may help stop the growth of blood vessels that feed cancerous tumors. And what I am currently researching is how medical marijuana can help treat illnesses. For medical marijuana we basically use THC and CBD both or cannabinoids that are in the marijuana plant. For THC it increases appetite and reduces nausea. THCRead MoreLegalization of medical marijuana at the federal law Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesWhy should marijuana be legalized? Marijuana can be argued for different reasons. In my case I will be arguing the medical purposes for legalizing marijuana. Marijuana has positive features, and how people prefer using marijuana. Marijuana helps individuals get through a variety of things that they suffer. Marijuana provides relief from pain, rather than other medications out there. Many individuals prefer marijuana over anything else to relax. An argument on why people using marijuana spend moreRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1053 Words   |  5 PagesMedical marijuana, also called cannabis, is used in some places as a medication to treat diseases and symptoms. Many people consider it helpful and harmless making it the most used illicit drug in North America. With legalizing medical marijuana people can alleviate some health problems and help ease physical pain, but it also can bring many concerns, questions, and responsibility. Legalizing cannabis can help many people with their health conditions. There are some advantages to taking medicalRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1715 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana in Society Cannabis, formally known as marijuana is a drug obtained from the tops, stems and leaves of the hemp plant cannabis. The drug is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world. Only substances like caffeine, nicotine and alcohol are used more (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). In the U. S. where some use it to feel â€Å"high† or get an escape from reality. The drug is referred to in many ways; weed, grass, pot, and or reefer are some common names used to describe the drug (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). Like mostRead MoreThe Legalization Of Medical Marijuana866 Words   |  4 PagesJimmy Fulcher Mrs. Gallos English 3 31 October 2014 Legalization of medical marijuana in North Carolina Legalizing medical marijuana for North Carolina would be extremely beneficial. Marijuana does not only relieve stress but it can cure symptoms of cancer, epilepsy, glaucoma, and Crohns’s disease. Twenty-three states have already legalized it and it has helped thousands of people. If something that is grown naturally in the earth can be beneficial to society and do the same job as all these drugsRead MoreMedical Marijuana’s Pros and Cons Essay884 Words   |  4 Pagesinterview with Dr. Lucido about his knowledge on medical marijuana I’ve noticed some pros and cons. After the interview I could really tell he has extensive knowledge about this topic. He really knew a lot of the details on marijuana, as I’m sure he does about everything he prescribes. He was aware that sometimes people take advantage of the health care system and get their hands on medical marijuana, but he stills stands up for its use in the medical field. I decided to look more into the su bjectRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1098 Words   |  5 PagesCannabis is not a drug, Marijuana should be legalize because many people use it for different reason and it shouldn t matter to the government on how people use this substance. Cannabis is less harmful than alcohol and cigarettes, prohibition diverts critical law enforcement resources from violent and property crime, and marijuana benefits many people that has medical problem like glaucoma, cancer and epilepsy. Marijuana should be legalizing because there haven’t been any report from people dying

Change Management IMC Company

Question: Discuss about the Change Managementfor IMC Company. Answer: Introduction Change management is the process, which includes how we prepare and assist the people to accept the changes in the organization for achieving the desired outcomes and organizational success. This business report is very significant in understanding the change management at IMC Company, which is situated in USA as an MNC. It includes the analysis of the situation in the case study named as US MNC, IMC- Change management - predominantly on change and work transition to share services. This discusses the major issues in the case and literature review about the change management in this multi-national organization. For the literature review, related articles from various authors are used. Furthermore, it analyses the issue of the case by using the Lewins three steps model, i.e. unfreezing, refreezing, driving forces and restraining forces. This analysis will include the critical arguments about the change management and change issues in IMC Company. The adaptation from the given case stu dy will be used in writing this report in order to identify and influence the form of changes, which is required to deliver the fair recommendation to implement the change. The solution and findings of the report will be limited to the given case study only. Methodology In this literature review, the given case study of IMC Company is used to analyze the change management in the processes and systems. The findings and solution of the case is limited to the issues mentioned in the case. This will help in understanding the changes and its impact on the organizational life and recommendations to implement the changes in the processes. Case Issue In this discussion, the issue is regarding the changes in the processes of the organization. In Malaysia, the challenge is change management in processes and systems. The company is going through a hard time, when it is starting its shared services in Malaysia. It requires the changes in the processes and systems. The organization is concluded to bring the changes in some areas of the firm, which includes the change in processes and change in the job of some employees from different department to share services. Due to this, the people have the fear related to various things like; job security and loss of job. This migration plan can affect the employees greatly. The company may face some risks, like; resistance to changes, increase in the workload, less understanding about the shared services, right sizing workforce etc. Another issue in the company is language and communication barrier, because the shared services language uses the English as a medium but they are from the culture, which comprises multi culture lingua and diversities associates (Mills, Dye, Mills, 2008). Thus, the company is facing the issues because the people are not ready to adapt the changes of going from their department to the shared services. It raises fear in the employees of job insecurity and adoption of new culture in Malaysia. Literature Review Change management Change management is the process of adopting ideas, processes, procedures and behavior which is new for the organization. However, Stewart and Kringas (2003) states that change management like change is very difficult word to define. In this way, according to these authors, the term change management has become a universal theme in the literature of management. Apart from this tag, Cameron, a research described that change management has become one of the great point in the social sciences. According to Burnes (2009), change is becoming very significant and normal for the survival of the organization. Many researches has analyzed that organizations have accepted the requirement for change but around 70% of the change programs do not meet their objectives and expectation. He stated that in responding to the enhancing significance organizational change; there is growing form of literature looking at processes of the change management and various factors, which contribute to the success of the organization (Burnes, 2009). Change management includes the changes in the structure, process, organization, leadership and culture. Reasons for Change: Tetenbaum (2004) explained six factors, which are responsible for the changes those are occurring in the modern worlds organization. The reasons are given below: Adoption of new and advanced technologies Globalization that has resulted in the world, which is always connected as information, goods and money move around the world. Technologies and globalization together New processes and practices, which are now occurring faster than past Increase in the technological speed, that is matched in peoples lives and business Complexity and inconsistency, which are enhancing as the result of changes. Transitional Change or Process Change: Transitional change is also known as process change in the organization. Bass (2006), states that transitional change is more disturbing than other changes like; developmental changes and transformational changes. This change replaces the existing systems and processes with something, which is new to the company. This is the period, when an old system is being incomplete and the new business is being implemented is called the transition stage of the change management. There are some examples of transitional change, like; merger, acquisition, reorganization, introducing new services and new technologies. This type of change may not need a critical change in the behavior or culture, but it is more threatening to applying in comparison to developmental change. At the time of transformation, the future of organization is unknown. It can add a level of fear and discomfort in the employees. Furthermore, Bass (2006) identified that the result of transitional change are unpredictable. This is the reason that employees feel that their job is unbalanced and their insecurity can increase. At every stage of new service or process implementation, training and orientation should be conducted in order to reduce the insecurity in the employees. This will make them feel comfortable in the working environment. The employees will feel engaged and they will involve in the change management process in the organization. With the increase in the level of employees engagement, the resistance to change swill decrease. The management must be aware about the effect and stress, which the implemented changes will have on the employees (Bass, 2006). The organization should inform the employees continuously about their status offer support in assisting them in dealing with the personal changes, which they will be pressurized to make. According to Annan (2009), in an organization, simple or complex and yet predictable results require transitional change. To implement this type of change, there will be need of effective leadership and higher investment in comparison to transformational change. For leading this change successfully, some adjustments are required to the structure of organization, procedures and policies of the current systems. There is a need of improving some special skills and abilities, which are required to deal with the changes and new services (Annan, 2009). Moreover, this form of change enhances the modification in the organizational culture, strategy and mission of the company. There are some challenges and risks, which the employees or employer may face and they resist the implementation of the changes. These challenges are listed below: Insecurity and discomfort towards job Increasing work load can reduce the quality of work delivery There may be barriers of language and culture High employee turnover Challenges to the image of organisation Lack of core competencies due to geographical barriers Cultural diversity According to Higgs Rowland (2005), there is link between leadership and communication of organizational change. The leaders can motivate the people, who resist the changes. They can perform the below given tasks to implement the changes successfully (Higgs, Rowland, 2005); Building awareness Establishing structural changes Engaging employees Developing the capability and motivating them Model- Lewins Three Step Models The first change model was developed by Kurt Lewin in the year 1947. This model is also known as three step model. This model includes 3-steps; unfreezing, changing and refreezing. Armstrong (2006) defined that the first stage unfreezing refers altering the old ideas and practices, so the new ideas can be adapted. This stage considers the essential threats that change offers to people and the requirement to inspire those influenced to achieve the natural position of balance by adapting the changes. In this, organization gets rid of old practices and accepts new threats. It is important stage to understand the change. Schreyogg (2001) identified that changing refers to the stage, in which new practices and ideas are learnt. The organization executes the required and intended changes in the working environment. In this, the top managers help the employees in understanding the reasons for changes and perform in different ways. It includes the activities like; transforming the processes, organization restructuring, fixing new equipment and implementation of new appraisal and reward system (Schreyogg 2001). The third step is refreezing. At this stage, the implemented changes are made actual and permanent. In this step, whatever the employees have learnt from the changes will be integrated in actual practice. Analysis Change management at IMC Company As the IMC is a multi-national company, so change management is required in a manner to take the actions for improving the current situation and applying the change strategies to take the advantages and ensure that the organization is achieving its objectives (Hayes, 2010). But the major question is how the changes can be managed by the top management. According to the case study, IMC Company is facing the issues with the employees resistance to change. In order to explain this, Kotters stated that when the changes are implemented to the organization then the employees come with the complaints, deny accepting the changes, stay less engaged to the work and threaten to go on the strikes. In this case, the people are having the fear and job insecurity because there are changes in the process and systems and migration of administrative works from different departments to shared services. It has created fear among the employees (DOrtenzio, 2015). Thus, the employees will resist the change s at IMC. To overcome this issue, the top management has to play an important role by providing training and educating about the changes and reasons for the changes. Johnson, et al. (2009) described that there is a need of an effective communication at all the levels of management. Along with this, encouraging the participation, assistance and implementation of changes properly are also necessary. The change in the processes will support IMC in expanding its business and increasing its revenues. Thus, the managers at top level must work as the change agent, who will carry the changes to the company and accept the duty for managing the actions in change management process (Johnson, et al. 2009). Process Change Process change may include the introduction of new services in the existing business unit. Generally these changes are planned in the organizations (Reiss, 2012). In this case, IMC is introducing new shared services in Malaysia. There are the changes in the processes and systems of the company. The major issue hindering the employee engagement of IMC is the new services and migration plan, which the company is adapting to. The change plan of IMC is on the basis of top-down approach that totally the avoided the engagement of the employees. According to Mills (2008), the organization who is making efforts to change the organization in order to improve the performance and efficiency, should consider the human resources of the organization. Barret (2002) argued that if the company will not do this, then it will be in dark at the time of change implementation. The author suggested that IMC must use the down-top approach, so the employees can feel motivated and satisfied (Njuguna, Muathe, 2016). In the process change management, the leaders can work as the change agent and imply the transformational and transactional styles of leadership. It will increase motivation, satisfaction and productivity of employees. Implementation of Lewins Model on organizational Issues The organization should implement the Lewins model for applying the changes in the organization, because there are the changes in the process. In first step, the organization must create awareness among the employees about the change. Communication is very important in unfreezing so that employees can know about the change (Higgs, Rowland, 2005). In the second step, i.e. changing, the IMC Company will start to launch its new services in Malaysia. In this step, communication, training and education support will play an important role, so they will learn new things. After implementing both the steps, the third step, refreezing will set a new identity of IMC as shared services. It can resolve all the related issues, like; resistance, fear, language barriers and communication. Conclusion Change management is very important for the organizational survival and growth. IMC is adapting changes by making a migration plan. Thus, the IMC Company can address the issue in change management by implementing new practices and training program for the employees. It should consider the opinion of employees; like they want to migrate or not. If it does not focus on it, the performance of the employees will be affected and they will be less engaged to the work. The literature review includes the various aspects of change management and Lewins three step model for implementing and managing the changes in organization. Recommendation By reviewing this literature, it is recommended to the IMC Company that it must consider the Kurt Lewins three step model for change management. First, it should ensure that employees are ready for changes or not. It should use the strategies and tactics to reduce the amount of resistance to change. There should be a significant role of top managers in change management. Education, training and effective communication are also important component of managing the changes in the organization. IMC can enhance the performance of employees by motivating them towards the changes. It should provide the coaching classes to employees about the new processes like; shared services. This will be beneficial for IMC Company. References Annan, K, 2009, Transactional, Transitional, and Transformational Change, Retrieved from https://leadingspace.wordpress.com/2009/12/20/transactional-transitional-and-transformational-change/. Armstrong, 2006, Armstrongs Handbook of Management and Leadership for HR, Kogan Page Limited. Bass, B.M, Riggio, R.E, 2006, Transformational Leadership, Psychology press. Barrett, 2002, Change communication: using strategic employee communication to facilitate major change. Corporate Communication: An International Journal, Vol. 7, Issue No. 4, pp. 219-231. Burnes, B. 2009, Managing Change:A Strategic Approach to Organisational Dynamics. Prentice Hall. DOrtenzio, C, 2015, Understanding Change and Change Management Processes: A Case Study, Retrieved from https://www.canberra.edu.au/researchrepository/file/81c02a90-6a15-91ae-c7a2-ff44c96d60b2/1/full_text.pdf. Hayes, J, 2010, The theory and practice of change management, New York: Palgrave McMillan. Mills, J.H., Dye, K, Mills, A.J, 2008, Understanding Organizational Change, Routledge Publications. Johnson, S., Ostaszkiewicz, J. O'connell, B. 2009, Moving beyond resistance to restraint minimization: a case study of change management in aged care. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 6. Higgs, M. Rowland, D, 2005, All Changes Great and Small: Exploring Approaches to Change and its Leadership. Journal of Change Management, vol. 5, pp. 121-151. Kringas, P. Stewart, J, 2003, Change Management- Strategy and Values in Six Agencies from the Australian Public Service, John Wiley Sons. Njuguna, E. Muathe, S.M.A. 2016, Critical Review of Literature on Change Management on Employees Performance, International Journal of Research In Social Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 3. Reiss, M, 2012, Change Management, Books on Demand Publishers. Schreyogg, G. 2001, Organizational Theatre and Organizational Change, Freie University, Berlin. Tetenbaum, T.J. (1998). Shifting paradigms: From Newton to chaos. Organizational Dynamics, 26(4), 21-32.

The Fire Sermon Analysis Essay Example

The Fire Sermon Analysis Paper Sofilda Totoni March 3rd, 2011 Lit 216 â€Å"The Fire Sermon† Analysis. This section, and the longest of Elliot’s â€Å"The Waste Land†, depicts poor, gloomy, lethargic scenery in which the themes of lust, sexual ambiguity, moral degradation, spiritual melancholy, abound throughout the poem. The poet himself often embodies the role of ancient and mythological figures to which he alludes in order to strike the readers infatuation. He continually reminds us that beauty, love, passions which was once food for the soul, are turned to slaves of our egoistical, materialistic, relished physical needs. The central character is the poet himself who often takes on the roles of the Fisher King and Tiresias in order to convey his message. The other characters, Actaeon and Dian replaced by Sweeney and Mr. Porter, Thames’s daughters, The clerk and the typist, Queen Elizabeth with her suitor Earl of Leicester;-all these are foil and flat characters who although taken from, and alluded to past, famous literary works, their presence and revelation is to unveil the narrator’s major themes and ideas. These characters are stereotypes or archetypes throughout the work. The scenery and images implied in the work play a major role in describing and interpreting the contextual setting of a pictorial framework. Elliot opens this section with the image of a river in late autumn, or early winter: â€Å"The River’s tent is broke; the last fingers of leaf clutch and sink into the wet bank. the nymphs are departed. Elliot cites here Spencer’s â€Å"Prothalamion† with the line: â€Å"Sweet Thames, run softly till I end my song†. He takes us to Spencer’s Thames and ‘bridal song’ that suggests celebrating life and happiness along Thames. He quickly changes scenery and contrasts this setting with the one he’s witnessing. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fire Sermon Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Fire Sermon Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Fire Sermon Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer He’s sitting by the Leman-French for Lake Geneva, where he witnesses degradation, elements of the modern world-â€Å"empty bottles, sandwich papers, cardboard boxes, cigarette ends†. Then Elliot starts weeping. His tears are reference to a passage from the Bible, Psalm 137, in which the people of Israel cry by the river as they remember Jerusalem. The image of death and urban decay is further revealed:-â€Å"a cold blast, bones rattle, and a rat creeps through vegetation /dragging its slimy belly on the bank†. The rat symbolizes grossness, filth, moral corruption of the modern world. The rat also illustrates Elliot’s spiritual world; he feels disappointed, belittled â€Å"fishing in the dull canal†, and just like the rat who creeps through trash in search for food, the poet himself is in search for food for the soul, he wants to infiltrate through the rubbish material he is presented, and find the spiritual muse for his further works. Elliot takes on the role of The Fisher King alluding to Jessie L Weston’s â€Å"From Ritual to Romance† and its description of the Grail Legend. The poet also combines the â€Å"Tempest† Shakespeare’s drama elements which are also used in earlier lines of â€Å"The Waste Land† in referral to Grail Legend. Musing upon the king my brother’s wreck/and on the king my father’s death before him. The ill, impotent King Fisher embodied by Elliot, describes the wasteland that stretches before him: -white bodies naked on the low damp ground† and bones scattered in a little dry garret/Rattled by the rat’s foot only, year to year† Once again, the rats appear again to portray a hell setting. Elliot proceeds to the allusion of John Day’s â€Å"The Parliament of Bees† that describes the tale of Actaeon and Diana accordingly referred by â€Å"Sweeney and Mrs. Porter. â€Å"The sound of horns and motors which shall bring Sweeney to Mrs. Porter in the spring† Later on he alludes to Verlaine’s Parisfal , where Parisfal resisted the seduction of Kundry which in turn as a sign of respect washed his feet paralleling with the adulteress who washed the feet of Christ to be redeemed. It is evident that throughout these lines the love motif becomes apparent and indicative of young, passionate emotions which later on turn to lust and immorality. The next four bizarre lines: Twit twit twit/jug jug jug/ So rudely forc’d Tereu; refer to describe the sound of Philomela as nightingale. Twit, twit twit –seem to recall a bird’s song. It all goes back in† A game of Chess† to the story of the woman who was violated and took her revenge. â€Å"So rudely forc’d† refers to Tereu’s violation. The moral degradation goes on as the narrator takes us to another scene and image description. The â€Å"Unreal City† takes the reader back to London. Mr Eugenides , the Smyrna merchant, carrying a pack of of forbidden mysteries, invites the narrator to luncheon at Cannon Street hotel and a weekend at the Metropole. The narrator then takes on the role of Tiresias, the â€Å"Old man with wrinkled female breasts†. Elliot does it again. He evives, recasts once again mythology as a modern aspect to compare cheap sexual encounters with the pure and noble young love. Tiresias, the blind prophet, ironically sits back and watches the young clerk and typist indulge in sex and lust, looking beyond the potential romance that any relationship carries. â€Å"Endeavors to engage her in caresses †¦flushed and decided , he assaulted at once; Exploring hands encounter no defence; After the passionate sex has been consummated, the young man departs as a stranger creeping up in darkness â€Å"gropes his way, finding the stairs unlit†. The young woman barely notices his departures, showing a gesture of indifference â€Å"Well now that’s done: and I’m glad it’s over†-she feels alone, empty in vague, and lost in confusion-â€Å" Paces about her room again, alone/smoothes her hair with automatic hand, And puts a record on the gramophone† The musicality of the poem takes the poet and the reader to quiet, peaceful and relaxing places:-a public bar in Lower Thames/The pleasant whining of a mandolin/Where fishermen longue at noon/the walls of Magnus Martyr hold inexplicable splendor of Ionian white and gold† The splendor serenity is disrupted by the lamented song of Thames three daughters †Weilalala leia-Wallala leialala†. The poet here takes the theme and the story from Spencer’s Gotterdammerung â€Å"The Rhine daughters†. The three daughters sing and weep about their mournful love stories and betrayals. One of them recalls the promises her lover made â€Å" He wept. He promised â€Å"a new start†. She scornfully recalls and regrets those times with deep shame and embarrassment:- â€Å"I can connect nothing with nothing. The broken fingernails of dirty hands†. Among the Rhine’s daughter’s tragic stories, Elliot recalls and brings back Queen Elizabeth’s and Earl of Leicester relationship which although in reality characterized by a pure and noble-natured relationship, in the poem is depicted as heroic and passionate, thus following the trend of contemporary life. The author again alludes to past authoritative figures by means of irony and parody to whip the social occurrences and trends that ruin such purity and nobility. The poem ends with the references to St Augustine’s Confessions and Buddha’s Fire Sermon which represent the western and eastern asceticism. Just as the title of this section of poem suggests, Buddha warned against surrender to the senses which are â€Å"on fire†. When the disciple becomes purged of passion , he becomes free†-Through metaphor, symbolism, and allusion the sermon thus serves as a lesson preached and delivered to the reader with a strong message: â€Å"Do not surrender to the dangers of youthful lust† Elliot’s style, language and form makes him the father of modernism. His use of irony, satire, dramatic monologues, language slangs and shifts to foreign phrases; the quotations and citations to mythology, Old Testament, historical figures; the intensive notes which are deep and obscure, the musical tones that penetrate the poem;-these and other artistic elements give the poem a disjointed nature but unique at the same time. Citations and References: Elliot’s footnotes Eliot, T. S. (1963). Collected Poems, 1909-1962. New York: Harcourt, Brace World Gish, Nancy (1988). The Waste Land: A Students Companion to the Poem. Boston: The sixth edition of The Norton Anthrology of English Literature. Jennifer Sorensen Emery-Peck â€Å"Tom and Vivien Eliot Do Narrative in Different Voices: Mixing Genres in The Waste Land’s Pub

Apple Function and Form

Apple Function and Form Introduction Apple Inc. is a publicly listed American company specializing in the production of high technological electronic products, computer hardware, and software. The company sells software, Smartphone, e-Book readers, Electronic music, Computers, and other consumer electronics. An entrepreneur named Steve Jobs started up the corporation in the fiscal 1977 (Rich, 2012).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Apple Function and Form specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Even though many products urbanized under his watch including PowerBook G3 and iMac online store, the company continues to rely on electronics and box computer to prevail in the market and make sales. The company has been bringing out cut-price versions of its Smartphone. Looking even further, the company is staking its future on new products that could take electronics and computing power even deeper into everyday lives of consumers (Antrs Helpman, 2004). The marketing aim of Apple Inc is to achieve a 20 percent market share in the next five years while the financial aim is to increase profitability by 15 percent through increased sales. This is anticipated to occur through a marketing plan as well as opportunities and problems that the company has researched on and identified. The marketing model involves five forces analysis that an organization uses in positioning the product. The functions of Apple are steered by specific organizational structure comprising of experienced marketing and sales officers. The success is measured through measurement controls and close monitoring of the implementation process. Nevertheless, Apple Inc anticipates changes in the market trends to come up with effective contingency plans (Mallin Finkle, 2011). The Apple business level strategy Marketing strategy is referred to as the process that allows firms to focus on limited resources and greatest opportunities to reach a sustainable competitive adva ntage that would augment sales or profitability. Apple marketing strategy is based on the positioning of Smartphone through differentiation.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The major consumer targets are professionals and students who need a state-of-art, convenient, secure, and internet-enabled Smartphone. The secondary consumer target entails the rural population who need quality but state-of-art Smartphone (Schonfeld, 2010). The Competitive advantage The growing technology in manufacturing and price threats has made Apple Inc to add new features and lower prices of Smartphone. The earlier establishment of strong brands and cheap cell phones by competitors such as Chinese Mobile is a factor to consider. Major competitors include Nokia, Samsung, HTC Corporation, LG, Motorola, and Sony Erickson. Though the market is highly competitive with new models entering the market, Apple Company is venturing into newly exploited market and innovative products that increase its competitive advantage (Apple Inc, 2010). The Model used at Apple Inc The Five force analysis The buyers’ power When the company opened its doors into the Smartphone industry, it offered the consumers innovative technology that disrupted the electronic industry. The products changed the platform requiring competitors to change their marketing strategies in order to remain relevant in the industry. The Smartphone industry presents the company with competitive forces (Debajani, 2012). Threat from new entrants The entrants present a threat to the existing market. It requires Apple to invest huge amounts of money to gain economies of scale that would enable it to make the entry of new firms almost impossible. This helps the company to maintain its domination of the market through new Smartphone. Any new company has to integrate technological advancements in the software markets (Ashcroft, 2011). Threat of Substitution The threat of substitute products is a challenge that Apple faces. All the competitors have a huge range of computing designs developed for different types of users. This requires the company to be continually innovative and be conscious of the prices. The users have the choice to decide whether their Smartphone are handheld computers or not (Barrios, Gà ¶rg Strobl, 2005). The purchasers’ power The company focuses on developing differentiated products. This makes the products to be outstanding and customers are offered products that suit individual tastes (Biswas, Fraser Mahajan, 2007). This makes customers to be less price-sensitive when buying products such as iPod, iPhone, and Macintosh as it is difficult to find a product with same features and style.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Apple Function and Form specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Apple uses a variety of suppliers in the manufacturing of Smartphone and portable music players. This translates to less bargaining power by suppliers since it is not limited to a single supply of computer components. Competitive rivalry Regardless of the intense competition, Apple Inc has won substantial market share and strengthens its brand image among the targeted market segments. The 3-G network system and touch interface are the important point of differentiation in the competition. Offering a variety of Smartphone models is also a strong competitive edge to win a wide customer base. Besides, the entire world recognizes Apple brands thus it can exploit this position to compete (Linzmayer, 2006). The Marketing Strategies at Apple The only business target Apple Inc has is the entrepreneur or small business owners. These persons need to convey and store information frequently through cost effective means. Their taste for phones is Smartphone that can allow internet access and other small functions ak in to calculations. These consumers also use the phone for other purposes other than for business. The phone is also the family phone and ease of use is particularly important to this market segment. The authors have a good say on several strategies put in place by the corporation (Ruckman, 2004). Positioning Through Smartphone differentiation, the iPhone Xi is placed as the most suitable, cost efficient, value-increased, and technological phone for proficient and personal use. The marketing strategy underlines the ease of use, integrating touch interface, internet enabling, Linux operating system, and GPRS differentiating the Apple Smartphone. Product strategy The Smartphone models include all the characteristics described in the product review part and differentiated according to the differing needs of the target markets. The Smartphone iPhone Xi is offered with a one-year warranty.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More All the models are produced with an emphasis on Apple quality mark. An important part in the product strategy is to strengthen Apple brand image. The brand and logo are displayed in all Smartphone models and reinforced in the marketing campaign. Pricing strategy The Smartphone iPhone Xi ranges between 200 and 800 dollars as the estimated price per unit phone depending on the model. This price is lowered from the earlier price of 1,000 dollars since the product introduction in 2010. As Apple expands the product line, it is expected to reduce the price per unit phone. The pricing strategy aims at attracting emerging consumers due to economic boom and increased market share from major competitors. The combinations of pricing strategy and mark of quality have a contribution in winning customer loyalty (Dziri, 2011). Place strategy The distribution strategy is to open various distribution subsidiaries in the market and vend products directly to consumers. The new channel of distribution is enhanced through continued mini-campaigns across the market. The firm continues to uses agents when the implementation process rises. Subramanian observes how the world population is becoming more sensitive to IT. The company has opened an online store to exploit the opportunity created by online shoppers (Blonigen, 2001). Promotion strategy For Smartphone promotion, the corporation implements two different strategies. The Company appointed DDB Mudra Group and used print media aggressively to advertise new Smartphone models. This has helped in building brand awareness by focusing on the greatest and latest advertising campaigns meant for Smartphone, iPhone Xi, and implementing a communication adaptation strategy.Through the integrated marketing strategy, Apple expects to create much anticipation about the iPhone Xi and increase brand awareness in the marketplace. Marketing Research Through extensive market research, Apple identifies the needs, specific features, and expectations that market segments value. The primary research is through surveys, market tests, and focus groups that are carried out in all the potential market areas. The company also determines and analyzes customers’ perception towards other competing brands. The secondary market research involves brand awareness research and customer satisfaction studies. Feedback from the primary research helps Apple in developing Smartphone models (Arregle, Hebert Beamish, 2006). Through brand awareness research, it is possible to determine the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization marketing campaign. The strategy strengths Apple Inc has grounded its strategies based on three important strengths as discussed below. Strong brand portfolio Apple Inc has a wide range of cell phones that are recognized and respected across the world. The iPhone Xi in particular comprises of a variety of models designed according to the varying needs of the customer (Apple Inc, 2012). Robust production capab ilities Being the largest manufacturer of Smartphone in the world, the firm suggests its powerful production capabilities. This is important in ensuring the balance of demand and supply of the company product (Gormley, 2010). Strong focus on RD The active involvement in research and development ensures that Apple Inc. differentiates its product through innovation. This strength is also imperative for enhanced quality as the Unique Selling Propositions. The advantages Apple Inc draws several advantages from the applied marketing strategies. However, the firm faces a number of disadvantages. Hasten demand for Smartphone Apple economic explosion has resulted in increased changes in consumer behavior. The low-income earners who could not have afforded to buy a Smartphone have enough to do it presently (Marco, 2013). Mounting use of the internet Apple can exploit these strategies to combine the production capabilities with research and development. Thus, demand is increasing with very fe w manufacturers responding to it (Chen Mujtaba, 2007). Continued economic growth Apple economy keeps growing hence increased incomes and job opportunities. This enables new consumers to enter the Smartphone market and expand prospects (Henry, 2008). The disadvantages Listless performance Apple Inc suffers from slow performance in some marketplaces compared to other competitors. The focus of Apple has been on large cities, which denies the firm the opportunity of exploiting the upcoming rural populace. Frail brand image The latest brand image of Apple is extremely weak among consumers like Indians. The weakness is highly effective since the brand image is decisive in a competitive milieu (Blomstermo, Sharma Sallis, 2006). Meager cash flows All through the growth stage of the product lifecycle, Apple Inc invests in an enormous awareness campaign. The funding therefore causes imbalance between the expenses and returns achieved from rummage sales (Bernard Jensen, 2007). Recommendatio n The changing consumer trends and market shifts require corporate strategies that will respond to these dynamics and ensure that the firm achieves competitive advantages. Among the trickiest industry is the electronic industry that is characterized by big firms that are swift in responding to the marketing changes. In this industry, Apple Inc. can only adopt the best-cost strategy to increase its competitive advantages since consumers are increasingly becoming price sensitive and many competitors are pursuing low-cost strategies. The firm should also integrate the developmental and marketing plans in order to focus on the best value while reducing the prices of products. Within this strategy, the firm should retool its products to attract a wider range of consumer segments as it maintains low prices for the majority low-income earners. Avoidance of the unexpected risks from natural calamities is also important. Therefore, Apple ought to include stakeholders like OEM partners to dis tribute the impacts caused by such calamities (Mallin Finkle, 2011). Conclusion Apple Inc. has been competing with the other marketing players for dominant shares. In order to increase its market shares, Apple uses diverse marketing strategies including advertising, public relations, and sales promotions. The company is using innovative advertising to attract and inform the customers about products both in mass and digital media. The firm uses corporate social responsibility to appeal to many people as a method of maintaining public reputation. The success of Apple Inc. in marketing improves its goodwill and attracts public attention. Apple Inc thus provides special offers as a good way to stimulate and retain customers’ loyalty. References Antrs, P, Helpman, E, 2004, â€Å"Global sourcing,† Journal of Political Economy, vol.112 no.2, pp.552-580. Apple Inc 2012, The new, faster MacBook air, https://www.apple.com/. Apple Inc. 2010, 2010 annual report, United States Se curities and Exchange Commission, Washington, DC. Arregle, J, Hebert, L Beamish, P 2006, â€Å"Mode of international entry: the advantages of multilevel methods,† Management International Review, vol.46 no.5, pp.597-611. Ashcroft, J 2011, Apple Inc. the case study 2000-2010. Web. Barrios, S, Gà ¶rg, H Strobl, E 2005, â€Å"Foreign direct investment, competition and industrial development in the host country,† European Economic Review, vol.49 no.1, pp.1761-1784. Bernard, A Jensen, B 2007, â€Å"Firm structure, multinationals, and manufacturing plant deaths,† Review of Economic and Statistics, vol.89 no.1, pp.103-204. Biswas, R, Fraser, D Mahajan, A 2007, The international market for corporate control: evidence from acquisitions of financial firms, Global Finance Journal, vol.8 no.1, pp.33-54. Blomstermo, A, Sharma, D Sallis, J 2006, â€Å"Choice of foreign market entry mode in service firms,† International Marketing Review, vol.23 no.2, pp.211-213. B lonigen, B 2001, â€Å"In search of substitution between foreign production and exports,† Journal of International Economics, vol.53 no.2, pp.81-104. Chen, L Mujtaba, B 2007, â€Å"The choice of entry mode strategies and decisions for international market expansion,† Journal of American Academy of Business, vol.10 no.2, pp.322-344. Debajani, S 2012, â€Å"Strategic change of campaign at Apple Inc,† The Indian Journal of Management, vol.5 no.2.), pp.38-48. Dziri, R 2011, Avoiding strategic drifts in a hypercompetitive market: analysis of apple’s position in the mobile phone industry and suggestions, GRIN Verlag, Munich. Gormley, T 2010, The impact of foreign bank entry in emerging markets: evidence from India, Journal of Financial Intermediation, vol.19 no.1, pp.26-51. Henry, A 2008, Understanding strategic management, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UKt. Linzmayer, O 2006, Legend of Apple, Qinghua University Press, Beijing, China. Mallin, M Finkle, T 2 011, â€Å"Apple Inc: product portfolio analysis,† Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies, vol.17 no.7, pp.63-74. Marco, T 2013, How Apple stretched its wings with the iPhone 5s, Macworld, vol.30 no.12, pp.24-25. Rich, K 2012, â€Å"Apple without jobs first trillion-dollar company,† Forbes, vol.190 no.8, pp. 34-34. Ruckman, K 2004, Mode of entry mode into a foreign market: the case of U.S. mutual funds in Canada, Journal of International Economics, vol.62 no.2, pp.417-432. Schonfeld, E. (2010). SmartPhone sales up 24 percent, iPhone’s share nearly doubled last year, https://techcrunch.com/.

Learn About Education and Schools in Virginia

Learn About Education and Schools in Virginia When it comes to education and schools, all states are not created equal. States and local governments possess almost all of the power when it comes to governing education and schools.   Because of this, you will find key differences in education-related policy across all fifty states and the District of Columbia. You will continue to find distinct differences even between neighboring districts thanks to local control. Highly debated educational topics such as the Common Core State Standards, teacher evaluations, school choice, charter schools, and teacher tenure are handled differently by almost every state.   These and other key educational issues typically fall along controlling political party lines. This ensures that a student in one state will likely be receiving a different variation of education than their peers in neighboring states. These differences make it virtually impossible to accurately compare the quality of education   one state is providing compared to another. You must utilize several common data points to make connections and draw conclusions about the quality of education any particular state is providing. This profile focuses on education and schools in Virginia.   Virginia Education and Schools Virginia Department of Education Virginia Superintendent of Public Instruction: Dr. Steven R. Staples District/School Information Length of School Year: A minimum of 180 school days or 540 (K) and 990 (1-12) school hours are required by Virginia state law. Number of Public School Districts: There are 130 public school districts in Virginia. Number of Public Schools: There are 2192 public schools in Virginia. **** Number of Students Served in Public Schools: There are 1,257,883 public school students in Virginia. **** Number of Teachers in Public Schools: There are 90,832 public school teachers in Virginia.**** Number of Charter Schools: There are 4 charter schools in Virginia. Per Pupil Spending: Virginia spends $10,413 per pupil in public education. **** Average Class Size: The average class size In Virginia is 13.8 students per 1 teacher. **** % of Title I Schools: 26.8% of schools in Virginia are Title I Schools.**** % With Individualized Education Programs (IEP): 12.8% of students in Virginia are on IEPs. **** % in Limited-English Proficiency Programs: 7.2% of students in Virginia are in limited-English Proficient Programs.**** % of Student Eligible for Free/Reduced Lunches: 38.3% of students in Virginia schools are eligible for free/reduced lunches.**** Ethnic/Racial Student Breakdown**** White: 53.5% Black: 23.7% Hispanic: 11.8% Asian: 6.0% Pacific Islander: 0.1% American Indian/Alaskan Native: 0.3% School Assessment Data Graduation Rate: 81.2% of all students entering high school in Virginia graduate. ** Average ACT/SAT score: Average ACT Composite Score: 23.1*** Average Combined SAT Score: 1533***** 8th grade NAEP assessment scores:**** Math: 288 is the scaled score for 8th grade students in Virginia. The U.S. average was 281. Reading: 267 is the scaled score for 8th grade students in Virginia. The U.S. average was 264. % of Students Who Attend College after High School: 63.8% of students in Virginia go on to attend some level of college. *** Private Schools Number of Private Schools: There are 638 private schools in Virginia.* Number of Students Served in Private Schools: There are 113,620 private school students in Virginia.* Homeschooling Number of Students Served Through Homeschooling: There were an estimated 34,212 students that were homeschooled in Virginia in 2015.# Teacher Pay The average teacher pay for the state of Virginia was $49,869 in 2013.## Each individual district in the state of Virginia negotiates teacher salaries and establishes their own teacher salary schedule. The following is an example of a teacher salary schedule in Virginia provided by the Richmond Public School *Data courtesy of Education Bug . **Data courtesy of ED.gov ***Data courtesy of PrepScholar. ****Data courtesy of the National Center for Education Statistics ******Data courtesy of The Commonwealth Foundation #Data courtesy of A2ZHomeschooling.com ##Average salary courtesy of National Center of Education Statistics ###Disclaimer:   The information provided on this page changes frequently.   It will be updated regularly as new information and data becomes available.

Love. Negligent Tort Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Love. Negligent Tort - Coursework Example There must have been a duty of care owed by the defendant to the plaintiff, the duty of care must have been breached, the breach must have resulted into a loss, and the immediate loss must have been attributable to the actions of the defendant (Miller and Gentz, 2009). Duty of care refers to a person’s obligation to refrain from causing harm to other members of the society and from infringing other people’s rights. The principle of duty of care therefore establishes fundamentals of peaceful coexistence in the society. The measure of degree of duty of care in the law of negligent tort is measured by the standard of a normally rational person. Further, determination of the duty of care relies on the capacity of the defendant. There are however certain exemptions to a person’s duty of care to other parties. Foreseeable risks and contributory negligence for instance reduces a defendant’s liability to exercise a duty of care to another person (Miller and Gentz, 2009). Negligent tort is further defined by failure to exercise a person’s duty of care to others. The breach of duty of care is also defined by normal standards of the defendant and the environment. A professional medical practitioner is for example more liable for breach of duty of care to a patient than an ordinary citizen under the same conditions is. The breach of duty of care must subsequently be supported by a resultant legal damage. The term legal damage means that the injury that is suffered by the plaintiff must be actionable before a legal system. This is because some losses may not be legally recognized (Miller and Gentz, 2009). The final element of a negligent tort is the proximate causation. This element defines the relationship between the damage suffered and the actions of the defendant. Negligent tort can only be instituted if the damage suffered by the plaintiff is attributable to the defendant’s breach of duty of care (Ramlogan, Persadie and

Find a classroom accommodation for students who are at risk, another Research Paper

Find a classroom accommodation for students who are at risk, another for those with ADHD and 1 more for individuals who are Gifted and Talented - Research Paper Example They can keep track of their students’ learning with this attempt. An example of a classroom accommodation for an ADHD student is seating them close to the teacher and away from windows and doors. This is a valid accommodation because such students need their assistance and exceptional care of their teachers at all times, and; therefore, their educators should be there (Friend & Bursuck, 2006). An improvement that could be made is for instance letting the ADHD the student run an occasional errand for his/her educator. This can assist the hyperactive child burn off the unwanted energy. Finally, a common classroom accommodation for gifted or talented students is through grouping them together or with higher-level learners (Friend & Bursuck, 2006). However, I think that teachers should never group gifted learners with lower-level learners for remediation because, if so, then the student might start questioning his gift or talent. This classroom accommodation can be improved throu gh encouraging learners thoroughly to study concepts and support independent investigations or studies (Friend & Bursuck, 2006). From this research, I learned that many students have unique needs, and it is the work of the educator to travel around these needs and learn how the educationally deal with such

Children Penalties Essay Example for Free

Children Penalties Essay All through America it seems that juvenile children are committing extremely severe crimes. Fellow classmates and teachers are being murdered by juveniles as young as eleven and thirteen. As a result of this, a major issue has been raised, should children who commit a serious crime face the penalties as and adult? Do these kids know what they are doing? And more importantly do they know the consequences of their actions. The points that Im going to be outlining are children dont know/ know the consequences of their actions, harsh punishment has little effect, youths are more mature so they know the consequences of their actions, the notion of justice, children may not have been given adequate role modals, youths should be given harsh punishments so others will not copy them, children grow up with guns and its the shooters responsibility not the weapon used. Those who believe that juveniles should receive adult penalties for serious crimes often claim that the young children are not fully aware of the crime they commit and destruction that will affect the victims of the crime. For example in a shooting at Jonesboro, where an eleven and thirteen year old shot dead four school girls and a teacher, critics distinguished that the attack wasnt committed at the spur of the moment or under the immediate influence of strong emotion. Instead they claim that the killings were highly planned and vigilantly carried out. The two juvenile killers were noted to supplied themselves with a gate away vehicle, wore camouflage clothing, selected a high vantage point form which to shoot, lured their innocent victims out by trigging a fire alarm and waited for the school doors to automatically lock before opening fire. (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 2) The opposing view is that children in their opinion are unable to grasp the consequences of their actions. A child who kills very probably doesnt realize the finality of death and so does not fully understand what he/she has done when they take someones life. Correspondingly, it is claimed that children are unlikely to be deterred for a crime because they are terrified of a cruel punishment. According to this line of disagreement most children are impulsive and have a naive idea in  their own immortality. This means that children are unlikely to think about possible punishments prior to committing a serious crime and are unlikely to be able to even envision penalties like life in jail being applied to them. This point was made by child psychiatrist William Licamele, who claimed, At age 11 or 12 kid are normally self-absorbed, self centered, magical, they dont think anything can happen to them, there is going to be no retribution (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 4) This meaning that the threat of harsh punishment will not prevent them from committing a crime. Thus, it has been argued that applying adult penalties to children who commit serious crimes will have little to no deterrent effect. On the other hand, juveniles should receive adult punishments; fully premeditated murders (like the Jonesboro have been said to be) are no different just because juveniles have committed them. This point questions weather or not the young offenders are adequately aware of the cost of their actions to be held legally liable for them. Mr. Gerard Henderson, executive director of Sydney institute, has summed up this point of arrangement. He claims, I certainly know what I was doing when I was 13 and 11. I suspect that Mitchell Johnson and Andrew Golden (shooters at Jonesboro) also know what they were doing (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 2) Mr. Gerard Henderson also claims, Those days it is increasingly accepted that most children mature relatively early and that, in an intellectual and recreational sense. Most are relatively independent by 16 (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 2) This indicates that youth are more mature and so its argued that they are more capable of appreciating the consequences of their actions than children in the past years. Focusing on the punishment of these so called more mature youths is shortsighted, as the cause of the crime committed is probably outside the control of the children. According to this line argument, the general public is more likely to be able to prevent these crimes from occurring if they can  discover why they are happening, rather than focusing on the punishment of the individual offender. This suggests that children who commit serious crimes are most likely victims of developments of society or inside their own families that they are not responsible for. E.g. same authorities have suggested that martial breakdown, the disintegration of extended family and families were both parents work may all be factors contributing to child crime. (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 4) Many people say that it doesnt matter that a child committed the crime, but that the damaged he/she caused to the victim is the same no matter the age of the perpetrator. Mitchell Weight, whose wife was one of the five killed at Jonesboro claimed, It doesnt matter that those were boys. Their age has nothing to do with the fact that they murdered my wife and four others (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 3) Those who say that the crime and the damage should remain the same despite the age of the offender seem to mean that the punishment should be that same. This argument is based on the notion of justice. Those who affect serious harm to others should be given a proportionately serve penalty for their crimes. Children may have committed a crime that has caused serious harm due to having had luck of guidance and emotional support. The child may suffer from feelings of desertion, alienation and damaged self-esteem. Which can encourage them to lush out at others. Such children may not have been given adequate role modals to help them cope with whatever hardship they will encounter in their lives. Children who lush out at others and become juvenile offenders should receive comparable penalties to adult crimes so that other young people will not copy them. This point was put by Mr. Gerard Henderson, he argued and said that, The Jonesboro shooting was but the most recent in a wave of schoolyard murders where boys or young men have murdered students and teachers. Who is to say the soft treatment of one young murderer will not encourage another? (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 3) Societies such as the United States where guns are broadly accepted and where  even young children are trained in the use of guns, are giving young offenders a mean of turning their teenage anger and resentment into homicide. If guns were not so widely available then most of the school shootings would have never happened, the child with the sense of grievance would have expressed it in a form such as fighting, truancy or disobedience in class. It has been claimed that children trained from an early age in the use of guns may be desensitized to potentially grave consequences. Children introduced to guns at an early age may simple regard guns as one more toy. Although guns are widely available that opposing view is that you cant blame the availability of weapons for any crime committed using them. A local in Jonesboro stated, You lay a gun on the table and a hundred years from now the gun will still be there, unless someone touches it (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 4) This argument is saying that the responsibility for the shooting rests with the shooter, not the weapon. I personally believe that it depends on the offender, weather it was committed from a strong emotion or a planned slaughter. Either way they should first go into a program to help them. But if it was a planned slaughter, at the same time of being in a program they should get punished as an adult so they know that they cant get away with it and no one else hopefully will not copy what they have done. The issues that I have covered in this essay are that children dont know/know what they have done, harsh punishment doesnt work well, youths have grown up a lot more quickly, if they harm someone the offender should get the equal amount of punishment, they have has no good role modals, soft treatment will make other youths copy the offenders crime, guns are part if the youths life from a young age and its not the weapons responsibility of the crime that they have committed. Bibliography: Mclnerney, J, 1994 www.echoed.com.au/protected/outlines1/issues.htm Echo Education Services

Bullying in Schools Essay -- Violence Crime Essays Education Kids Pape

Bullying in Schools Many people feel that some of the major issues that plague our schools are drug/alcohol use or violence, yet no one recognizes the significance of school bullying. For the victims of bullying, they go to school everyday facing harassment, taunting, and humiliation. For all potential educators, it is very important to realize that bullying is a problem, so that they can work to prevent it in the future. Since being at Middle School, I have realized how prevalent bullying is on a daily basis. In addition to reading various sources, I decided to ask some of my students about the bullying they experience or witness in their own school environment. I felt learning about bullying directly from the students would be an invaluable experience. Bullying is most common in middle school, with 6th graders on the receiving end the most and 8th graders handing out the most bullying. In a study of 15,686 students in 6th through 10th grade in private and public schools, it was found that 13-23% of boys and 4-11% of girls experience some sort of bullying. (Nansel 2003). Nearly one in six children in that age range fall victim to bullying each year, which means about 3.2 million children being bullied. Whereas, 3.7 million children are acting as bullies (Kerlikowske 2003). Six out ten children witness some form of bullying on a daily basis. In schools, bullying most likely takes place on the playground, followed by the classroom, then the hallways (Drake 2003). For the students at Dunn Middle School, a lot of the bullying occurs out of school. If it occurs in school, most students said bullying occurs in the hallways or in the lunchroom. One student even mentioned a fight that took place during an as... ...ee of bullies can accomplish many things. All children can benefit from lessons about treating each other with respect. Bullying is one childhood memory no youngster should have. References Bullies and their Victims. Harvard Mental Health Letter. 2001, 4-7. Drake, J. Teacher preparation and practices regarding school bullying. Journal of School Health. 2003, 347-356. Espelage, D. Schoolroom torment. People. 2/05/2001, 91-92. Feldman, S. Bullying prevention. Teaching PreK-8. 2004, 6. Kerlikowske, G. One in six students fall prey to bullies. Inside School Safety. 2003,6-9. Nansel, T. Bullies found to be at risk for violent behavior. Inside School Safety. 2003, 1-4. Rubin, R. Study: Bullies and their victims ten to be more violent. USA Today. 4/15/03 Svoboda, E. Everyone loves a bully. Psychology Today. 2004, 1-20.

Moral Absolutes Essay

Why are Christian ethics and theology inseparable? What did Francis Schaeffer mean when he said that not all things are the same to God? Christian ethics is inseparable from theology because it is grounded in the character of God. Francis Schaeffer said that not all things are the same to God and means that God exists and has a character, but not all things are the same to him. Some things conform to His character, and some are opposed to his character. 2. What did Schaeffer conclude about a society without moral absolutes? Do we see this in society? Schaeffer concludes that if a society has no moral absolutes then there is no final appeal to judge between individuals and groups whose moral judgments conflict. There will be no standards and only conflicting opinions. 3. On what authority do Christians base their belief in moral absolutes? How specific is this authority? Christians base their beliefs in moral absolutes through the Bible. Of course, you cannot solve all moral decisions by referring to the Bible but there sufficient guidelines provided to give us a sense of what is morally right. These guidelines are the Decalogue also known as the Ten Commandments and tat is how specific the authority is. 4. Ethically speaking, what are Christians called to do? Christians are called to love the Lord with all their heart, all their soul, and with all their strength and with their entire mind and love your neighbor as yourself. 5. What did Dietrich Bonhoeffer mean by the question, â€Å"Where are the responsible people? He meant Christians, who are willing to treat God’s moral order with the same respect they show His physical order; who love God with their whole body, soul, spirit, mind and strength; who treat others as they desire to be treated. Ethics 3. 2 6. Why do Muslims view Muhammad as morally exemplary even though the Hadith does not paint a flattering portrait of his life? Muslims are conditioned to look at the whole picture through the eyes of faith. Certain things that the Prophet did do not conform to ordinary ideas of morality and may be considered sensual and cruel, but believers look at the whole thing differently. To them morality derives from the Prophet’s actions; the moral is whatever he did. Morality does not determine the Prophet’s actions, but his actions determines morality. 7. How do Christianity and Islam differ in relation to their beliefs about ethical absolutes? Christianity and Islam differ because Christianity is based on the Bible and Islam is based on the Qur’an and the Bible grounds morality in God’s essential character; the Qur’an teaches that God cannot be ultimately known. 8. In what two ways is the term jihad used? First: the battle against temptation and sin for the sake of self-control and the development of virtue; Second: the battle against any and all who oppose Islam. 9. What motivates Muslims to behave ethically? They are motivated by several fronts like: to develop personal virtue and spirituality, to better the state of others, to strengthen relationships, and to anticipate the coming judgment. 10. Which motivation is strongest? The anticipation of final judgment. Ethics 3. 3 11. What is the ultimate ethical question for a Secular Humanist? What questions did Morris B. Storer outline in his book Humanist Ethics? The ultimate ethical question for a Secular Humanist is Can morality be achieved without the foundation of absolute religious beliefs? Who makes the rules, God or men? Morris B. Storer outlined: Is personal advantage the measure of right and wrong or the advantage of all affected? Is there truth in ethics? Are right and wrong expressions of heart or head? Do people have free wills? Do you measure morality by results or by principles? Do people have duties as well as rights? 12. Why are there such diverse views and conflicts regarding humanistic ethics? There are diverse views and conflicts because there is a lack of consensus about the foundation of ethics and that is problematic for the whole concept of Humanistic ethics. 13. Who proposed the â€Å"no-truth thesis† and what does it state? Kai Nelson and it states that no question of the truth or falsity of moral values can sensibly arise. 14. How do most humanists attempt to dodge the â€Å"no-truth thesis†? How does Corliss Lamont address this issue? They attempt to doge it by claiming that they use reason to determine right and wrong in the context of ethical relativism. Lamont addresses the issue with optimism stating that as long as we pursue activities that are healthy, socially useful and in accordance with reason, pleasure and happiness will accompany us and the supreme good will the eventual result. 15. What did Arthur E. Gravatt, Joseph Fletcher, Herbert W. Schneider, and Paul Kurtz have to say about Ethics? Dr. Arthur E. Gravatt: Moral behavior may differ from situation to situation. Behavior might be moral for one person and not another or moral at one time and not another. Joseph Fletcher: Rights and wrongs are determined by objective facts or circumstances, that is, by the situations in which moral agents have to decide for the most beneficial course open to choice. Herbert W. Schneider: Morality is â€Å"an experimental art† and is the â€Å"basic art of living well together. † Moral right and wrong must therefore be conceived in terms of moral standards generated in a particular society. Paul Kurtz: Moral principles should be treated as hypotheses, tested by their practical worth and judged by what they cause to happen. Ethics 3. 4 16. How did Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels view the issue of morality? Marx and Engels denied that moral ideals, moral considerations, are central in human life and social evolution. Rather, it is biological and social evolution that determines their definition of morality. What is right and wrong is determined by what is best for evolution. 17. What is the Marxist-Leninist morality of the future? How will it be determined? Their morality of the future is when the proletariat finally destroys the bourgeoisie. The new classless society will determine the new morality, just as this evolution toward a classless society is dictating today’s morality. 18. What is the Marxist-Leninist view of â€Å"old morality?They view old morality as products of the bourgeoisie invented and used by the propertied class to oppress the propertyless proletariat. 19. What is the Marxist code of ethics according to the book Scientific Communism? â€Å"Devotion to the cause of the working class, collectivism, mutual aid, comradely solidarity, hatred toward the bourgeois ie and toward traitors to the common cause, internationalism, and stoicism in struggle are traits which not only define the content of proletarian ethics, but also characterize the moral image of the typical representatives of the working class. 20. What means have Marxists historically believed would bring about a society without class distinction? What have been the results of such an ethical system? They believe that revolution is the most efficient means for creating a society without class distinctions. This system is responsible for 83 million deaths between 1917 and 1964. But from a Marxist-Leninist point of view, it is worth the price if people die to abolish social classes and private property.

Louisia May Alccott

The story Little Woman by Louisa May Alcott is about the lives of the four March girls, Jo, Meg, Beth, and Amy, living with their mother in New England as their father is away serving as a chaplain in the Civil War. Even though the girls bicker like all siblings, they keep their loving home together as they wait for their father to return from the war. The sisters struggle to support themselves and keep their household running despite the fact that the family recently lost its fortune. In the process, they become close friends with their wealthy neighbor, Theodore Laurence, also known as â€Å"Laurie. Let me give an introduction of the 4 beautiful March girls. Margaret March also known as Meg is the oldest of the March sisters. She is pretty, simple, and interested in the finer things in life. Josephine March also known as Jo is the second oldest of the March sisters. She is a teenager just like Meg. She is tall and skinny, a tomboy who always says and does the wrong thing, very tal ented, good-hearted, and a good writer. Elizabeth March also known as Beth is the second youngest, she is a sweet music lover, and is a little artistic also.Beth is the only one without ambitions, whose only desire is to live at home with her parents and practice her music. She is almost to good to be real,loves doll collection and her many cats,and always has just the right kind word for any situation. Beth is so shy that she is unable to attend a public school and therefore gets her schooling at home. Amy is the youngest who intends to marry for money so she would be in the high society and have wealthy friends, expensive jewels, and expensive clothes. Amy is also a little selfish but very social,elegant,and spoiled.Those are the characteristics and personalitys of the 4 beautiful March girls. Each of the March girls have an imaginary â€Å"castle† for which she hopes, but each ends with a very different â€Å"future† than she would have imagined for herself. Like wh en Amy finally got the chance to fulfill her dreams, she turns it away and turning instead to Laurie to marry, her childhood friend. Turns out that Laurie's grandfather Mr. Laurence is wealthy and left his entire estate to Laurie. In the end all of the girls learned that no amount of wealth can bring more happiness than that of a close and loving family.But as the girls grow older, each faces her own personal demons and moral challenges. Jo, our beloved protagonist, must tame her tomboyish ways and learn to be more ladylike while pursuing her ambition to be a great writer. Meg, the oldest, must put aside her love of wealth and finery in order to follow her heart. Beth, the shy one, must conquer her bashfulness, while Amy, the youngest, has to sacrifice her aristocratic pride. The girls are guided in their personal growth by their mother, â€Å"Marmee,† and by their religious faith.The family's tight bonds are forever changed when Meg falls in love with John Brooke, Laurie's t utor. Meg and John marry and begin a home of their own, quickly populated by twins Daisy and Demi. Another marriage seems imminent when Laurie reveals to Jo that he has fallen in love with Jo' but Jo does not like him back in that same way. Then Laurie goes to Europe accompanied by his grandfather. He pursues his passion for music and tries to forget Jo. Then seperatly Amy travels through Europe with her wealthy Aunt Carroll and cousin Flo and nurturs her artistic talent.Jo goes to New York as the governess for a family friend, Mrs. Kirke, experiencing the big city and trying her hand as a professional writer. Only after Beth died Jo found the mixture of paths and heartfelt sincerity that enables her to write stories that have the publisher begging for more of the same. Jo's talent for writing develops in spurts, writing first innocent romances for a local paper, a novel that receives mixed reviews and finally â€Å"sensation† stories for a tabloid in NY. While in New York, J o meets German expatriate Professor Bhaer, whose intellect and strong moral nature spark her interest.Back in the States, Jo returns home to care for her bereaved parents and learns to embrace her domestic side. Across the Atlantic, Laurie and Amy discover that they lack the genius to be great artists, but that they make an excellent romantic pairing. After Beth, who has never been strong, dies young, Amy finally got the chance to fulfill her dreams, she turns it away and turning instead to Laurie to marry since the sorrow of their loss solidifies Amy's bond to Laurie. her childhood friend. Turns out that Laurie's grandfather Mr. Laurence is wealthy and left his entire estate to Laurie.But when All the loose ends are tied up as Jo and Professor Bhaer marry and start a boarding school for boys, while Amy and Laurie marry and use the Laurence family wealth to support struggling young artists. The Brooke, Bhaer, and Laurence households flourish, and the novel ends with a birthday party for Marmee, celebrating the extended March family connections and the progress of Jo's boarding school, Plumfield. In the end all of the girls learned that no amount of wealth can bring more happiness than that of a close and loving family.

How to Write Management Research Paper with Ease Guide for Exhausted Students

How to Write Management Research Paper with Ease Guide for Exhausted Students Do you think that research papers in management are daunting tasks that you can never cope with? Management is a social science and as a student, you are required to acquire knowledge and skills that are technical, numerical, and literary. But typically, students consider the techniques of paper and project writing the most challenging of all the coursework tasks they have to tackle. In fact, you have only to get a good idea of some essential principles, get a lot of practice, and devote enough of your time to reading and doing research in order to understand your subject better. There is nothing too complicated in management research paper writing. Read this guide on how to write a management research paper and   learn the general principles of writing a strong management research paper that will get you a high grade. What Is Management Research Paper? Research paper in management, like in any other college subject, is not just a sum of scholarly sources or a collection of different pieces of relevant information or a literature review on a certain topic. Any research paper argues some point of view or analyzes a perspective. Besides, your management research paper has to present your own thoughts supported by the information from credible sources and other’s ideas. When writing your research paper in management, you have to read some case studies to support some theoretical concepts that you discuss in your text. You need to give your own evaluation or interpretation of some principles or methods or present an argument. In other words, you have to make a survey to find the most relevant information about the subject of your research paper. That survey can be based on what you know about a certain topic, for example, risk management or strategic planning and be focused and orderly. The goal of writing a research paper in management is to inform your readers what other people say about a particular topic or issue and offer a unique perspective on the subject. There are 2 types of research papers: analytical research papers where students have to present exploration and evaluation and offer a critical interpretation of a variety of primary and secondary sources; argumentative research papers where you need to persuade your readers to support your point of view on a controversial or debatable topic. How to Choose a Winning Topic for Management Research Paper: Hot Tips from Our Writers The first step in creating a research paper in management is to define your research question. Often your instructor assigns a specific topic and that makes things easier for you because you don’t have to brainstorm your ideas to pick a great topic that will be interesting for your readers and for you as well. If you were not given some prompt, you should review the guidelines of your assignment first. Maybe your professor has given some general subjects for you to consider. Then you can focus your management research paper on a specific angle of one of those subjects. For example, if your instructor said that your assignment should focus on project management, you can write about issues and risks in IT project management. Of course, you should choose a topic you are interested in. In this case, you will have more motivation to do a profound research that is usually time-consuming and even enjoy writing your research paper. You should also do a preliminary research to make sure that you can find enough primary and secondary relevant sources on your topic to conduct a focused and thorough research. Here are some interesting ideas of management research paper topics to help you get started. Feel free to use them for creating your own writing projects: Flexible Labor Markets and Employee Health; Impact of Online Shopping on Shopping Centers in The US; How Does Sustainability Affect Supply Chain Management; Language Barriers in Multinational Companies; Tesla Motors Strategic Management; Ways to Measure Employee Performance; Advantages of a Competency-based Approach; Corporate Security Management; Challenges of Financial Management; Optimization of a Workplace Management System. Doing Research After you have selected a topic, your next step is the research process which is very important because it can help you understand the subject, formulate ideas for your paper, develop a thesis statement, and more. At this step, you have to gather research materials and read them attentively. You should find different relevant primary and secondary sources. You can use textbooks, scholarly books, online encyclopedia and databases, articles from scientific journals, newspapers, government reports and guides etc. While reading, you have to take notes. You’d better take notes from different sources on separate pieces of paper. You should always write down information about the title of the text you are reading, its author, and other necessary details so that you can cite these texts and create your bibliography page. You can also store your notes on a spreadsheet. Create columns for specific elements you would like to include in your paper and the information you will use while referencing or citing your sources. Wondering what citation style you’ll have to use to cite your sources? In this case, you’d better consult your instructor or your university writing lab. Organizing Your Management Research Paper Organization of your academic paper is very important for the success of your writing project. You can organize your piece of writing in the following way: Describe the problem; Provide the necessary background information and discuss the available sources; Explain what research you did and how you did it; Present some findings and facts that support the solution you propose or your thesis statement; Provide a list of benefits; In the appendix, provide specific information about the models that you have used in your paper. After you have done the research, you probably have tons of ideas so in order to stay focused, you have to invest time in organizing your management research paper. You have to create a strong thesis statement that will guide your writing and make an outline that can help you organize your thoughts. Don’t skip this step because otherwise, you’ll end up with a necessity to spend more time on an additional revision. A good organization before you start writing will help you work more productively. Start with your thesis statement that summarizes the main point of your research paper. This sentence is actually what you are going to argue in your management research paper. You should create your thesis statement or research question before you make an outline because it can help you organize your research paper better so that it develops your topic and supports your thesis statement. When making an outline, think about your headings and subheadings. Decide what information you would like to include and make sure it is relevant to the topic of your research. When your outline is ready, you can start writing your academic paper. Writing an Introduction Start writing an introduction. Here you have to introduce your topic and provide background information to help your readers understand the context. You should start with a strong opening sentence that will engage your audience. You have to explain the purpose of your management research paper and the ways you will use to approach your topic. You can also define some key concepts which you will use later in the body of your paper. You should also explain why the main idea is important and end your introduction with a strong thesis statement or research question that you will answer in your piece of writing. If your research paper is long, you can briefly outline the structure of it, your sources, and more. You can do it like this: ‘First, I will provide definitions of the key terms for my argument on the challenges of security management, and after that, I will explain the background of the situation. Then, I will outline the most important positions in the argument that I believe are true, explaining why I support one of these positions. Finally, I will discuss some opposing positions and provide an explanation of why they are outdated. In the conclusion, I will suggest some ideas for further research and taking action.’ Body Paragraphs You have to organize your management research paper in a manner that moves from general information to specific one. Just imagine an inverted pyramid with the broadest range of information at the top and as your project progresses, you should become more focused on the argument and end with specific details that support a claim. In the end, you have to explain why the information that you have presented supports your thesis. Every paragraph should consist of at least 4 elements: a transition sentence that connects the previous idea and the next one; a topic sentence that presents your discussion; specific evidence and analysis of one of your claims; a brief concluding sentence that explains how and why the information provided in a paragraph supports the thesis statement. Conclusion A conclusion has to wrap up everything that you have presented and discussed in your research paper. Now you have to provide more general information again and restate your arguments. You can also give some recommendations or suggest areas for future possible research. Here is what you have to do in your conclusion to a management research paper: emphasize again the importance of your topic; restate your research question or thesis; speak about opposing points of view and explain your audience should support your position; provide an overview of the research possibilities for the future. Your conclusion shouldn’t include any new points and should be simple to deliver a clear, convincing message. Abstract Very often students have to write an abstract which should be very brief – about 150 words in length. You should write this part of your research papers after you have actually written the entire paper. A lot of people make a decision to read the paper based on the information they have found in the abstract, so your task here is to help them understand what your paper is about and why it has some significance. You have to write in a clear way and use an active voice to make your abstract appealing and easy to understand. Make it as concise as you can and eliminate unnecessary words. Revising and Proofreading the Draft Writing a draft of a management research paper is only half of the job. What you have written is not a finished research paper but a first draft. When you improve the quality of content, it will be just a second, a third draft etc. that you will need to improve again. You should do as many revisions as it is necessary to do the work right. Only when you are satisfied with the content, it will be the final draft – your research paper that you will be able to submit. Revision is not a simple process – it is global when you have to take another look at the ideas you have discussed and how they are arranged. You need to check the overall organization: logical flow, depth, and coherence of discussion, the effectiveness of your argument etc. You have to make improvements at the level of the level of the paragraph and at the sentence level. You should pay attention to: the topic sentence in a paragraph and the sequence of ideas; use of the transition words; summary sentences where you need them; use of specific details to support generalizations; word choice; sentence structure; spelling and punctuation etc. You need also to take care of the documentation and make sure you consistently use one citation system and appropriately make a list of works cited, following your specific citation style requirements. Proofreading is checking the final draft to ensure that everything in your research paper is perfect, including punctuation, grammar, and spelling but it’s just polishing of the improved final draft. Don’t do proofreading until you revise your research paper in management. There is no need to polish a text if it can be changed anyway. Proofreading may be a tricky and a tedious job. But if you suffer from the writer’s blindness, you can always ask your friend or a member of your family to proofread your piece of writing.

Quotes from Emperor Justinian I

Quotes from Emperor Justinian I The emperor Justinian I was a formidable leader in 6th-century Byzantium. Among his many achievements is a legal code that would influence medieval law for generations. Here are some quotes from The Code of Justinian, and some that have been attributed to him. The Code of Justinian Those things which seem to many former Emperors to require correction, but which none of them ventured to carry into effect, We have decided to accomplish at the present time with the assistance of Almighty God; and to diminish litigation by the revision of the multitude of constitutions which are contained in the Three Codes; namely, the Gregorian, the Hermogenian, and the Theodosian, as well as in those other Codes promulgated after them by Theodosius of Divine Memory, and by other Emperors, who succeeded him, in addition to those which We Ourselves have promulgated, and to combine them in a single Code, under Our auspicious name, in which compilation should be included not only the constitutions of the three above-mentioned Codes, but also such new ones as subsequently have been promulgated. - The First Preface The maintenance of the integrity of the government depends upon two things, namely, the force of arms and the observance of the laws: and, for this reason, the fortunate race of the Romans obtained power and precedence over all other nations in former times, and will do so forever, if God should be propitious; since each of these has ever required the aid of the other, for, as military affairs are rendered secure by the laws, so also are the laws preserved by force of arms. - The Second Preface For true and pious reasons, We direct that no one shall be permitted to remove from the holy churches persons who take refuge there, with the understanding that if anyone attempts to violate this law, he shall be considered guilty of the crime of treason. - TITLE XII If (as you allege), you, a minor of twenty years of age, have manumitted your slave, although you may have been fraudulently persuaded to do so, still, the imposition of the rod by which freedom is lawfully bestowed cannot be rescinded under the pretext of defect of age; the manumitted slave, however, must indemnify you, and this should be provided for by the magistrate having jurisdiction of the case to the extent that the law permits. - TITLE XXXI It was in your husbands power, in a fit of anger, to change the provisions which he had made in his will with reference to his slaves, namely, that one of them should remain in perpetual servitude, and that the other should be sold in order to be taken away. Hence, if afterwards, his clemency should mitigate his anger (which, although it may not be proved by documentary evidence, still, nothing prevents its being established by other testimony, especially when the subsequent meritorious conduct of the said slave is such that the wrath of the master has been appeased), the arbitrator in the action in partition should comply with the last wishes of the deceased. - TITLE XXXVI It is customary to come to the relief of persons who have attained their majority, where divisions of property have been made through fraud or deceit, or unjustly, and not as the result of a decision in court, because in bona fide contracts whatever is established to have been done unjustly shall be corrected. - TITLE XXXVIII Justice is the constant and perpetual wish to render to every one his due. - Institutiones, Book I Quotes That Have Been Attributed to Justinian Frugality is the mother of all virtues. Glory to God who has thought me worthy  to finish this work.  Solomon,  I have outdone you. Keep cool and you will command everyone. Rather let the crime of the guilty go unpunished than condemn the innocent. Safety of the state is the highest law. The things which are common to all (and not capable of being owned)  are:  the air, running water, the sea and the seashores.